Plastic Physical Testing

Polyhedron Laboratories performs physical testing according to ASTM standards, such as Dimensional Change of Non-Rigid Thermoplastics at Elevated Temperatures (2 hours/70 Degrees Centigrade) (ASTM D 1204), Density by the Gradient Technique (ASTM D 1505), Density by Displacement (ASTM D 792), Gas Permeability (ASTM D 1434), Open Cell Content of Rigid Cellular Foams (ASTM D 2856), Surface Tension by De Nouy (ASTM D 1331), and Water Absorption (24 Hours) (ASTM D 570). Polyhedron also offers additional physical testing, such as Density by the Gas Expansion Pycnometer. All ASTM standard descriptions below are paraphrased from the ASTM website (www.astm.org). Due to copyright restrictions, Polyhedron Laboratories cannot make available copies of standards. Standards can be found and are available at www.astm.org.

ASTM D 1204-02

Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Non-rigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
This test procedure outlines the measurement of changes in linear dimensions of non-rigid thermoplastic film or sheeting that result from exposure of the material to precise conditions of time and elevated temperature.

ASTM D 1505-03

Standard Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique
These test procedures describe the determination of the density and specific gravity (relative density) of solid plastics in forms such as tubes, rods, sheets, or molded parts. Test A is for the testing of solid plastics in water; Test B is for the testing of solid plastics in other liquids (other than water).

ASTM D 792-00

Standard Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
These test procedures describe the determination of the density and specific gravity (relative density) of solid plastics in forms such as tubes, rods, sheets, or molded parts. Test A is for the testing of solid plastics in water; Test B is for the testing of solid plastics in other liquids (other than water).

ASTM D 1434-82

Standard Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability Characteristics of Plastic Film and Sheeting
This test procedure deals with the estimation of the steady-state rate of transmission of a gas through plastics in the form of sheeting, film, plastic-coated papers or fabrics, and laminates. This test routine provides for the determination of permeance, gas transmission rate (GTR), and permeability (in the case of homogeneous materials). Two test methods are provided – Procedure M (Manometric) and Procedure V (Volumetric).

ASTM D 2856-94

Standard Test Method for Open-Cell Content of Rigid Cellular Plastics by the Air Pycnometer
Cellular plastics are composed of the walls or membranes of polymer separating small cells or cavities. These cells may be non-connecting (closed cell), interconnecting (open cell), or any combination of these types. This test procedure determines numerical values for open cells. It is a porosity determination, measuring the accessible cellular volume of a specific material. The volume occupied by closed cells includes cell walls. Since any conveniently sized sample can be obtained only by some sort of cutting operation, a fraction (or percentage) of the closed cells will be opened during specimen preparation and will be included as open cells. This test procedure consists of three methods – Method A is designed to correct for cells opened during specimen preparation, by measuring cell diameter, calculating, and allowing for surface volume; Method B is designed to correct for cells opened in specimen preparation, by cutting and exposing a new surface area equal to the surface area of the original specimen dimension; Method C, which doesn’t correct for cells opened during specimen preparation – in addition, it gives good accuracy on principally highly open-celled materials.

ASTM D 1331-89

Standard Test Methods for Surface and Interfacial Tension of Solutions of Surface-Active Agents
These test procedures deal with the determination of surface and interfacial tension of solutions of surface-active agents. The two procedures methods are Procedure A (Surface Tension), which covers aqueous solutions of surface-active agents, but also applies to mixed solvent solutions and nonaqueous solutions; Procedure B (Interfacial Tension), which applies to two-phase solutions. More than one solute component may be present, including solute components that are not necessarily surface-active.

ASTM D 570-98

Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
This test procedure deals with the determination of the relative rate of absorption of water by plastics when immersed. This test routine applies to the testing of all types of plastics, including hot-molded, cast, and cold-molded resinous products, and both laminated and homogeneous plastics in tube and rod form, as well as in sheets 0.13 millimeters (0.005 inches) or greater in thickness.
Dimensional Change of Non-Rigid Thermoplastics at Elevated Temperatures (2hrs/70°C) ASTM D 1204
Density by the Gas Expansion Pycnometer  
Density by the Gradient Technique ASTM D 1505
Density by Displacement ASTM D 792
Gas Permeability ASTM D 1434
Open Cell Content of Rigid Cellular Foams ASTM D 2856
Surface Tension by De Nouy Tensiometer ASTM D 1331
Water Absorption (24 Hours) ASTM D 570

Contact Polyhedron Laboratories about Gas Permeability of Plastics.

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